JLPT N5 Grammar: あります (arimasu) — “There Is / I Have” (Inanimate Objects)

JLPT N5 Grammar: あります (arimasu)

Existence & possession — “there is” / “I have” (inanimate objects)

JLPTジェイエルピーティー N5エヌゴ 文法ぶんぽう あります 解説かいせつ (存在そんざい所有しょゆう)

⏱️ Study time: 5–7 minutes

あります (arimasu) is the polite verb used for the existence of inanimate objects — things, plants, places, and abstract concepts. It also expresses possession (“I have”). Its counterpart for living beings is います (imasu).

🚀 JLPT N5 Warm-up Quiz

Q: How do you say “There is a book on the desk” politely?

Answer: A (ほんがあります). あります is for inanimate objects (book). B uses います which is for living beings. C is ungrammatical (noun + です cannot mark location with に).

Quick Summary

Grammar Point
あります
Meaning
There is (inanimate) / I have
Pattern
Location + に + Noun + が + あります
Example
つくえうえほんがあります。つくえのうえにほんがあります。Tsukue no ue ni hon ga arimasu.
There is a book on the desk.

📝 Core Patterns

Existence: Place + に + Noun + が + あります
Possession: Person + は + Noun + が + あります
Negative: Noun + が + ありません
⚠️ あります is only for inanimate objects (things, plants, places, ideas). For people and animals, use います.
🧠 Need the living‑beings version? See います (imasu) →

💡 Toggle furigana, hiragana, or romaji for easier reading.

What is あります?

あります is the polite verb of existence for inanimate objects. Use it to say that something exists somewhere (“there is a ~”), or that you possess something (“I have a ~”). The casual/dictionary form is ある.

  • Exists: ほんがあります = there is a book.
  • Possession: わたしくるまがあります = I have a car.
  • Events: 会議かいぎがあります = there is a meeting.

⚡ Two Main Uses of あります

UsePatternExample
ExistencePlace + に + Noun + が + あります公園こうえんはながあります。
There are flowers in the park.
PossessionPerson + は + Noun + が + ありますわたしはパソコンがあります。
I have a computer.

⚡ Conjugation Forms

FormPoliteCasual
Affirmativeありますある
Negativeありませんない
Pastありましたあった
Past negativeありませんでしたなかった

Examples & Mini Dialogue

冷蔵庫れいぞうこなにがありますか。れいぞうこになにがありますか。Reizōko ni nani ga arimasu ka.
What is in the fridge?

✅ Classic existence question.

明日あしたテストがあります。あしたてすとがあります。Ashita tesuto ga arimasu.
There is a test tomorrow. (event)
🗣️ Mini Dialogue
A: 辞書じしょがありますか。じしょがありますか。Jisho ga arimasu ka.
B: はい、つくえうえにあります。はい、つくえのうえにあります。Hai, tsukue no ue ni arimasu.

⚡ あります vs います

VerbUsed forExample
ありますInanimate objects, plants, events, ideasほんがあります。
There is a book.
いますLiving beings (people, animals, insects)ねこがいます。
There is a cat.
⚠️ JLPT Trap: Plants and trees use あります, not います. さくらがあります = there is a cherry tree. Robots and AI are a grey area — usually います if they seem alive, but N5 tests stick to the animate/inanimate rule.

Common Mistakes (and Fixes)

ねこがあります。
ねこがいます (cats are living beings, use います).
公園こうえんはながあります。
公園こうえんはながあります (use に for location, not は).
わたしくるまがあります。
わたしくるまがあります (use は for the possessor, not が).

JLPT N5 Practice Questions

Score: 0 / 3

1. “There is a pen on the desk.” Choose the correct verb.

2. “I have a question.” How do you say this?

3. Plants and trees use: ________.

🎯 JLPT N5 tip: あります vs います is one of the first and most tested distinctions at N5. If the subject is a living creature, use います. For everything else — objects, plants, buildings, events — use あります.

Test yourself with a free mock exam →

About the Instructor

Taught by Anup Sensei at Gogaku Language & Training Center in Pokhara. With real Japan experience and a focus on exam essentials, he helps students pass the JLPT with confidence.

⚡ Vocabulary Used in This Lesson

JapaneseReadingTypeEnglish Meaning
つくえつくえNoundesk
うえうえNounon, above
ほんほんNounbook
公園こうえんこうえんNounpark
はなはなNounflower
郵便局ゆうびんきょくゆうびんきょくNounpost office
冷蔵庫れいぞうこれいぞうこNounrefrigerator
テストてすとNountest
辞書じしょじしょNoundictionary

Related Grammar

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use あります for animals?

No. Animals are living beings and use います. 猫がいます = there is a cat. Plants are an exception — they use あります.

What's the difference between にあります and があります?

に marks the location (place + に + あります = it is at...). が marks the subject (Noun + が + あります = there is a Noun). Often they appear together: Place + に + Noun + が + あります.

How do I say "I have" with あります?

Use は for the possessor and が for the object: わたしくるまがあります = I have a car (literally: as for me, there is a car).

Continue Learning

Next: います (imasu) — existence of living beings.

Learn います →

→ Explore the JLPT N5 Grammar Hub

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