The polite negative pattern — “A is not B”
JLPT N5 文法 A は B ではありません 解説 (丁寧な否定文)
⏱️ Study time: 4–6 minutes
A は B ではありません is the polite negative form of A は B です. Use it to deny, correct, or politely say something is not the case. The contracted form じゃありません is equally common in conversation.
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A は B ではありません is the polite negative form of the basic sentence pattern. It negates the predicate (B) and says that topic A is not B. The topic marker は (pronounced わ) sets what we're talking about, and ではありません is the negative of です.
私は日本人ではありません。わたしはにほんじんではありません。Watashi wa Nihonjin dewa arimasen.
I am not Japanese. (polite)
| Form | Politeness | Usage | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ではありません | Formal polite | Business, speeches, official | 学生ではありません。 |
| じゃありません | Polite (conversational) | Everyday polite speech | 学生じゃありません。 |
| じゃない | Plain / Casual | Friends, family, manga | 学生じゃない。 |
✅ Conversational polite denial.
1. "That is not a hospital." Choose the correct polite pattern.
2. Which particle is used in the negative pattern?
3. "I am not a student." Select the formal polite version.
Taught by Anup Sensei at Gogaku Language & Training Center in Pokhara. With real Japan experience and a focus on exam essentials, he helps students pass the JLPT with confidence.
じゃありません is simply a contraction of ではありません (では → じゃ). Both are polite; ではありません is more formal (speeches, business), while じゃありません is common in everyday polite conversation.
No. ません is the negative verb ending (for actions). ではありません is for nouns and na‑adjectives. "学生ません" is wrong.
Add でした after ありません: A は B ではありませんでした (A was not B). The contracted form is A は B じゃありませんでした.
Next: でした (deshita) — the polite past copula.
Learn でした →→ Explore the JLPT N5 Grammar Hub
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