The polite negative copula — “is not / am not / are not”
JLPT N5 文法 ではありません 解説 (丁寧な否定の断定)
⏱️ Study time: 5–7 minutes
ではありません is the polite negative form of です. Use it when you want to say something “is not” in a polite way. The contracted form じゃありません is often used in everyday conversation — both are correct and important for JLPT N5.
💡 Toggle furigana, hiragana, or romaji for easier reading.
ではありません is the polite, negative form of the copula です. It means “is not” / “am not” / “are not” and is used to negate nouns and na‑adjectives in formal speech. Its contracted form じゃありません is equally common in polite conversation.
彼は医者ではありません。かれはいしゃではありません。Kare wa isha dewa arimasen.
He is not a doctor. (polite)
| Form | Sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Non‑past negative | 私は日本人ではありません。わたしはにほんじんではありません。Watashi wa Nihonjin dewa arimasen. | I am not Japanese. |
| Contracted | 私は日本人じゃありません。わたしはにほんじんじゃありません。Watashi wa Nihonjin ja arimasen. | I am not Japanese. (casual polite) |
| Past negative | 昨日は日曜日ではありませんでした。きのうはにちようびではありませんでした。Kinō wa nichiyōbi dewa arimasen deshita. | Yesterday was not Sunday. |
✅ Perfectly polite negation.
| Form | Politeness | Usage | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ではありません | Polite (formal) | Business, speeches, formal writing | 学生ではありません。 |
| じゃありません | Polite (conversational) | Everyday polite speech | 学生じゃありません。 |
| じゃない | Plain / Casual | Friends, family, embedded clauses | 学生じゃない。 |
1. Choose the correct polite negative: “He is not a teacher.”
2. What is the past negative of です?
3. “I was not a student.” Select the polite past negative.
Taught by Anup Sensei at Gogaku Language & Training Center in Pokhara. With real Japan experience and a focus on exam essentials, he helps students pass the JLPT with confidence.
じゃありません is a contraction of では → じゃ. It is slightly less formal but still polite. Use ではありません in more formal situations (speeches, business writing).
No. i‑adjectives have their own negative form (e.g., 楽しい → 楽しくないです / 楽しくありません). ではありません is only for nouns and na‑adjectives.
No, じゃない is the plain/casual negative. For polite speech, use じゃありません or ではありません.
Next: でした (deshita) — the polite past tense of です.
Learn でした →→ Explore the JLPT N5 Grammar Hub
Join Anup Sensei's intensive course at Gogaku Language & Training Center, Pokhara. Small batches, real conversation, mock tests, and full grammar mastery.
Join Now – www.gogakueducation.comWe use cookies to improve your experience on our site. By using our site, you consent to cookies.
Manage your cookie preferences below:
Essential cookies enable basic functions and are necessary for the proper function of the website.
Statistics cookies collect information anonymously. This information helps us understand how visitors use our website.
Google Analytics is a powerful tool that tracks and analyzes website traffic for informed marketing decisions.
Service URL: policies.google.com (opens in a new window)
Clarity is a web analytics service that tracks and reports website traffic.
Service URL: clarity.microsoft.com (opens in a new window)
Marketing cookies are used to follow visitors to websites. The intention is to show ads that are relevant and engaging to the individual user.
Google Maps is a web mapping service providing satellite imagery, real-time navigation, and location-based information.
Service URL: policies.google.com (opens in a new window)
A video-sharing platform for users to upload, view, and share videos across various genres and topics.
Service URL: www.youtube.com (opens in a new window)
WhatsApp us