Do not – Polite present/future negative verbs
JLPT N5 文法 ~ません 解説
Master ~ません in 5 minutes. Learn to politely say "I don't do" or "I won't do" – the essential negative verb form for daily Japanese.
Q1: "I don't eat meat." (polite) Which is correct?
A. 肉を食べません
B. 肉を食べますない
💡 Switch to Hiragana only or Rōmaji if you're just starting out.
~ません is the polite negative form of verbs. It means "do not" (habitual) or "will not" (future). It's the direct negative of ~ます.
丁寧に「いいえ」と言うときの基本です。 ていねいに「いいえ」というときのきほんです。 Teinei ni "iie" to iu toki no kihon desu.
~ません: ma se n (the "n" is held slightly)
食べません / 行きません / 見ません / しません
Plain form: 肉を食べない.
Plain: 行かない.
Plain: 見ない.
| Form | Meaning | Example (食べる) |
|---|---|---|
| ます | do / will do | 食べます |
| ません | do not / will not | 食べません |
| ました | did | 食べました |
| ませんでした | did not | 食べませんでした |
💡 Exam tip: Be careful not to mix ません (present/future negative) with ませんでした (past negative).
🔍 Never add ない after ます. Replace ます with ません.
🔍 The polite negative is a single form: ません. Don't combine plain and polite.
The test often asks you to pick the correct negative form. If you see:
「私は毎日新聞を ( )。」
A. 読みます
B. 読みません
If the sentence contains いいえ or a negative context, B is obviously correct. Also, watch for "not" words like "あまり" — they almost always take ません.
1. "I don't eat breakfast." (朝ご飯 = breakfast)
A. 朝ご飯を食べません
B. 朝ご飯を食べますない
2. "I don't watch TV." (テレビ = TV, 見る = to see)
A. テレビを見ません
B. テレビを見ますない
3. "I don't drink coffee." (飲む = to drink)
A. コーヒーを飲みません
B. コーヒーを飲むません
This lesson is taught by Anup Sensei, an experienced Japanese language instructor at Gogaku Language & Training Center in Pokhara. He has studied and worked in Japan and specializes in practical JLPT preparation and real-life communication skills.
Take the verb stem (the part before ます) and add ません. Example: 行きます → 行きません.
The plain negative form is ~ない. 行きません → 行かない.
Yes, Japanese present negative can also mean future negative. 明日は行きません = I won't go tomorrow.
Both are polite negatives. ません is standard polite; ないです is more colloquial but still polite. JLPT N5 focuses on ません.
Now learn the polite past negative:
~ませんでした (did not do)
→ Explore the full JLPT N5 Grammar Hub
Join Anup Sensei's JLPT N5 course at Gogaku Language & Training Center, Pokhara. Small batches, real conversation practice, weekly mock tests.
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